Which test is primarily used to assess protein concentration in serum?

The test primarily used to assess protein concentration in serum is serum protein electrophoresis. This technique separates proteins in serum based on their size and charge, allowing for the quantification of various protein fractions such as albumin and globulins. Through this separation, clinicians can evaluate the total protein concentration and identify potential abnormalities in protein types, which can indicate different diseases or conditions.

Serum protein electrophoresis is particularly valuable because it not only measures the total protein level but also provides a detailed profile of the individual protein components. This is essential for diagnosing various diseases such as multiple myeloma, liver disease, and inflammatory conditions, all of which can alter protein levels and distributions.

Other tests, such as a complete blood count, focus on cellular components and do not provide information related to protein concentration. The electrolyte panel primarily assesses electrolyte balance in the body, while fasting blood glucose measures blood sugar levels, neither of which are related to protein concentration assessment. Thus, serum protein electrophoresis stands out as the specific test focused on protein levels in serum.