Which enzyme's activity is often measured to assess liver function?

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is a key enzyme that is predominantly found in the liver. It plays a critical role in the metabolism of amino acids and is involved in the conversion of alanine and alpha-ketoglutarate to pyruvate and glutamate. The assessment of ALT levels in the blood is commonly used as a marker for liver function because elevated levels can indicate liver damage or inflammation. This makes ALT a specific and sensitive indicator of hepatic injury, allowing healthcare professionals to assess the health of the liver effectively.

In contrast, the other enzymes listed have different primary functions and are associated with other organs or conditions. Creatine kinase is mainly found in the heart, brain, and skeletal muscle and is typically measured for cardiac function or muscle disorders. Amylase is crucial for carbohydrate metabolism and is primarily associated with pancreatic function and salivary glands. Catalase, on the other hand, is an enzyme responsible for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen and does not serve as a marker for liver function. Hence, ALT is the enzyme of choice for evaluating liver health.