Elevated levels of what are major risk factors for developing coronary heart disease?

Elevated levels of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) are indeed significant risk factors for developing coronary heart disease (CHD). LDL is often referred to as "bad cholesterol" because it contributes to the buildup of plaque in the arteries, leading to atherosclerosis. This process narrows the arteries and can ultimately restrict blood flow to the heart, increasing the risk of heart attacks and other cardiovascular diseases.

The relationship between high levels of LDL and increased risk of CHD is well-documented. When LDL cholesterol levels rise in the bloodstream, they can lead to the formation of fatty deposits in artery walls. Over time, these deposits can harden and form plaques, which can result in chronic inflammation and instability within the arterial wall, further contributing to cardiovascular complications.

In contrast, high-density lipoproteins (HDL), often referred to as "good cholesterol," help transport cholesterol away from the arteries and back to the liver, where it can be processed and excreted. Therefore, higher HDL levels are generally seen as protective against coronary heart disease.

Intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDL) and chylomicrons do not have the same direct association with increased risk of coronary heart disease as LDL does. IDL can be converted into LDL,