Does excess thyroid hormone cause hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia?

Excess thyroid hormone is known to increase metabolic activity in the body, which leads to various effects, including alterations in glucose metabolism. When there is an excess of thyroid hormone, it stimulates gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis in the liver. These processes result in increased production and release of glucose into the bloodstream, consequently leading to hyperglycemia.

Hyperglycemia occurs as the body becomes more efficient at mobilizing glucose from glycogen stores and producing glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors. Additionally, the increase in metabolism can also enhance insulin resistance, which further contributes to elevated blood sugar levels.

In contrast, options indicating hypoglycemia or no effect on blood sugar levels do not align with the physiological effects of excess thyroid hormone. Thus, the correct answer highlights the primary impact of hyperthyroidism on glucose levels, confirming that excess thyroid hormone indeed results in hyperglycemia.